Introduction
Termux is a free and open-source terminal emulator application for Android OS that allows you to run Linux commands and packages on your mobile device. Termux combines powerful terminal emulation with an extensive Linux package collection, giving you access to a wide range of tools and utilities that can help you perform various tasks, such as data processing, programming, file management, system administration, and more.
Termux is not a virtual machine or an emulator. It runs natively on Android OS, using the same binaries as on Linux systems. Termux does not require rooting or any special setup. You can install it on any Android device running Android 7.0 or higher, and use it with any keyboard or touch input.
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Termux has many advantages over other terminal applications available on Android OS. Some of these advantages are:
Consistency: Termux apps are the same as the Linux versions, from keyboard shortcuts to installation methods. You don't have to deal with different user interfaces or compatibility issues.
Compactness: Termux apps are lightweight and efficient, taking up minimal space and resources on your device. You don't have to worry about bloated apps or unnecessary code.
Timeliness: Termux apps are updated regularly and often automatically alongside the desktop versions. You don't have to wait for developers to port new features or fix bugs.
Price: Termux apps are free and open-source, as is Termux itself. You don't have to pay for any app or subscription.
In this article, I will guide you through the steps of installing and setting up Termux on your Android device, as well as some basic commands and features that you should know. Let's get started!
Installation
The first step is to download and install Termux on your Android device. You can get Termux from F-Droid, a repository of free and open-source apps for Android OS. F-Droid is a trusted source that ensures the quality and security of the apps it hosts.
To install Termux from F-Droid, follow these steps:
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Download the F-Droid app from and install it on your device.
Open the F-Droid app and search for Termux in the search bar.
Select the Termux app from the search results and tap on Install.
Wait for the installation to complete and tap on Open.
Congratulations! You have successfully installed Termux on your Android device. You should see a black screen with a white cursor, indicating that the terminal is ready for input.
Configuration
The next step is to configure Termux for optimal performance. You need to update the packages and dependencies installed on the system, as well as grant storage permission to Termux so that it can read and write files on your device.
To update packages and dependencies, follow these steps:
In the terminal, type apt update && apt upgrade and press Enter. This will update the list of available packages and upgrade any outdated ones.
Wait for the process to finish and check for any errors or warnings. If everything is fine, you should see a message saying All packages are up to date.
To grant storage permission to Termux, follow these steps:
In the terminal, type termux-setup-storage and press Enter. This will request access to your device's storage.
A pop-up window will appear, asking you to allow Termux to access photos, media, and files on your device. Tap on Allow.
Wait for the process to finish and check for any errors or warnings. If everything is fine, you should see a message saying Storage setup successfully.
You have now configured Termux for optimal performance. You can now use Termux to access your device's storage and run various commands and packages.
Basic Commands
The next step is to learn some basic commands that you can use in Termux. Termux uses the same commands as on Linux systems, so if you are familiar with Linux, you should have no problem using Termux. If you are new to Linux, don't worry. I will explain some of the most common and useful commands that you should know.
The first thing you need to know is how to use the terminal interface. The terminal is where you type commands and see the output. The terminal consists of three main parts:
The prompt: This is the text that appears at the beginning of each line, indicating that the terminal is ready for input. The prompt usually shows your username, hostname, current directory, and a symbol such as $ or #. For example, u0_a123@localhost:$ is a typical prompt in Termux.
The command: This is the text that you type after the prompt, telling the terminal what to do. The command consists of one or more words separated by spaces. The first word is the name of the program or utility that you want to run, and the rest are optional arguments or options that modify the behavior of the command. For example, ls -l is a command that lists the files and directories in the current directory in long format.
The output: This is the text that appears after you press Enter, showing the result of the command. The output may be one or more lines of text, or nothing at all, depending on the command. For example, -rw-r--r-- 1 u0_a123 u0_a123 1024 Jun 19 23:56 article.txt is a possible output of the ls -l command.
To use the terminal interface, you need to follow these steps:
Look at the prompt and make sure it is ready for input.
Type the command that you want to run and press Enter.
Wait for the output and check for any errors or warnings.
Repeat steps 1-3 as needed.
The second thing you need to know is how to navigate the file system. The file system is the structure of directories and files that are stored on your device. Termux uses the same file system as on Linux systems, so if you are familiar with Linux, you should have no problem using Termux. If you are new to Linux, don't worry. I will explain some of the most common and useful commands that you should know.
The first command that you should know is pwd. This command stands for print working directory, and it shows you the current directory that you are in. For example, if you type pwd in Termux, you should see something like /data/data/com.termux/files/home, which is your home directory in Termux.
The second command that you should know is cd. This command stands for change directory, and it allows you to move from one directory to another. For example, if you type cd /sdcard in Termux, you will change your current directory to /sdcard, which is where your external storage is located in Termux.
The third command that you should know is ls. This command stands for list, and it shows you the files and directories in your current directory. For example, if you type ls /sdcard in Termux, you will see something like Android DCIM Download Music Pictures, which are some of the directories and files in your external storage.
The fourth command that you should know is cp. This command stands for copy, and it allows you to copy files and directories from one location to another. For example, if you type cp article.txt /sdcard/ in Termux, you will copy the file article.txt from your home directory to your external storage.
The fifth command that you should know is mv. This command stands for move, and it allows you to move or rename files and directories. For example, if you type mv article.txt article.md in Termux, you will rename the file article.txt to article.md in your current directory.
The sixth command that you should know is rm. This command stands for remove, and it allows you to delete files and directories. For example, if you type rm article.md in Termux, you will delete the file article.md from your current directory.
The seventh command that you should know is mkdir. This command stands for make directory, and it allows you to create new directories. For example, if you type mkdir termux in Termux, you will create a new directory named termux in your current directory.
The eighth command that you should know is rmdir. This command stands for remove directory, and it allows you to delete empty directories. For example, if you type rmdir termux in Termux, you will delete the directory termux from your current directory, if it is empty.
The ninth command that you should know is cat. This command stands for concatenate, and it allows you to display the contents of a file or combine multiple files into one. For example, if you type cat article.txt in Termux, you will see the contents of the file article.txt on the terminal screen.
The tenth command that you should know is nano. This command is a text editor that allows you to create and edit files in Termux. For example, if you type nano article.txt in Termux, you will open the file article.txt in nano editor, where you can write or modify the text.
These are some of the basic commands that you can use in Termux. There are many more commands and options that you can explore by typing help, man, or --help after any command. You can also visit the official Termux wiki at for more information and tutorials.
Packages
The next step is to learn how to install and use additional packages from the Termux repository. Packages are collections of programs and libraries that provide extra functionality and features to Termux. Termux has a large repository of packages that cover various categories, such as development, science, games, networking, security, and more.
To install packages from the Termux repository, follow these steps:
In the terminal, type pkg install package_name, where package_name is the name of the package that you want to install. For example, if you want to install python, type pkg install python.
Wait for the installation to complete and check for any errors or warnings. If everything is fine, you should see a message saying The following NEW packages will be installed: package_name ... Setting up package_name ... Done!
To verify that the package is installed correctly, type which package_name, where package_name is the name of the package that you installed. For example, if you installed python, type which python. You should see something like /data/data/com.termux/files/usr/bin/package_name, indicating that the package is available in your path.
To run the package, type package_name, where package_name is the name of the package that you installed. For example, if you installed python, type python. You should see something like Python 3.9.5 (default, Jun 19 2023) [Clang 12.0.5] on linux ... Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information." as the output, indicating that the package is running.
These are the general steps for installing and using packages from the Termux repository. You can also use the pkg search command to search for packages by name or description, or the pkg list-all command to see all the available packages in the repository. You can also visit the official Termux packages website at for more information and documentation.
Here are some examples of useful packages that you can install and use in Termux:
git: This package allows you to use Git, a distributed version control system that lets you manage your code and collaborate with other developers. You can use Git to clone, create, commit, push, pull, merge, branch, and more. For example, if you want to clone a GitHub repository, type git clone
curl: This package allows you to use curl, a command-line tool that lets you transfer data from or to a server using various protocols. You can use curl to download, upload, test, debug, and more. For example, if you want to download a file from a URL, type curl -O
wget: This package allows you to use wget, a command-line tool that lets you download files from the web. You can use wget to download single or multiple files, resume downloads, mirror websites, and more. For example, if you want to download a file from a URL, type wget
nodejs: This package allows you to use Node.js, a JavaScript runtime environment that lets you run JavaScript code outside of a web browser. You can use Node.js to create and run web applications, scripts, bots, and more. For example, if you want to run a JavaScript file, type node file.js.
python: This package allows you to use Python, a high-level programming language that lets you write clear and concise code for various purposes. You can use Python to create and run web applications, scripts, data analysis, machine learning, and more. For example, if you want to run a Python file, type python file.py.
These are some of the packages that you can install and use in Termux. There are many more packages that you can explore by using the commands mentioned above or visiting the official Termux packages website.
Add-ons
The next step is to learn how to enhance Termux with extra functionality and customization. Add-ons are extensions or plugins that provide additional features or options to Termux. Termux has several add-ons that cover various aspects, such as keyboard layout, styling, widgets, notifications, and more.
To install add-ons for Termux, follow these steps:
In the terminal, type pkg install termux-api and press Enter. This will install the Termux API package that allows Termux to interact with your device's hardware and software features.
Go to Google Play Store or F-Droid and search for Termux add-ons. You will see a list of available add-ons for Termux.
Select the add-on that you want to install and tap on Install.
Wait for the installation to complete and tap on Open.
Follow the instructions on the screen to configure and use the add-on.
These are the general steps for installing and using add-ons for Termux. You can also visit the official Termux add-ons website at for more information and documentation.
Here are some examples of useful add-ons that you can install and use in Termux:
Termux:Styling: This add-on allows you to customize the appearance of Termux by changing the color scheme and font style. You can choose from various presets or create your own custom theme.
Termux:Widget: This add-on allows you to create and run Termux scripts from your home screen by adding widgets. You can create shortcuts for frequently used commands or tasks.
Termux:Tasker: This add-on allows you to integrate Termux with Tasker, an automation app that lets you create and run tasks based on various triggers and conditions . You can use Termux to run commands or scripts based on events or conditions that you specify in Tasker.
Termux:Boot: This add-on allows you to run Termux scripts at boot time. You can use this to start services or processes that you want to run in the background.
Termux:Float: This add-on allows you to run Termux in a floating window that you can move and resize. You can use this to multitask or access Termux from any app.
These are some of the add-ons that you can install and use in Termux. There are more add-ons that you can explore by using the commands mentioned above or visiting the official Termux add-ons website.
Conclusion
In this article, I have shown you how to install and set up Termux on your Android device, as well as some basic commands and features that you should know. Termux is a powerful and versatile terminal emulator application that allows you to run Linux commands and packages on your mobile device. You can use Termux to perform various tasks, such as data processing, programming, file management, system administration, and more. You can also enhance Termux with extra functionality and customization by installing and using additional packages and add-ons from the Termux repository.
I hope you have enjoyed this article and learned something new and useful. If you want to learn more about Termux, you can visit the official Termux website at , where you can chat with other Termux users and developers.
Thank you for reading this article and happy hacking!
FAQs
Here are some frequently asked questions and answers related to Termux:
Q: How do I exit Termux?
A: To exit Termux, you can either press the back button on your device or type exit in the terminal. This will close the terminal session and return you to your home screen. If you have any background processes running in Termux, they will be terminated as well.
Q: How do I access the clipboard in Termux?
A: To access the clipboard in Termux, you can use the termux-clipboard-get and termux-clipboard-set commands. The termux-clipboard-get command will print the contents of the clipboard to the terminal, while the termux-clipboard-set command will copy the input from the terminal to the clipboard. For example, if you want to copy a URL from your browser to Termux, you can type termux-clipboard-set in Termux.
Q: How do I share files between Termux and other apps?
A: To share files between Termux and other apps, you can use the termux-open and termux-share commands. The termux-open command will open a file with an appropriate app, while the termux-share command will share a file with an app that supports sharing. For example, if you want to open a PDF file with a PDF viewer app, you can type termux-open file.pdf in Termux.
Q: How do I install packages from GitHub or other sources?
A: To install packages from GitHub or other sources, you need to clone the repository or download the source code of the package, and then compile and install it manually. You may also need to install some dependencies or tools before compiling. For example, if you want to install a package from GitHub, you can type git clone && cd repo && ./configure && make && make install, assuming that the package has a standard installation procedure.
Q: How do I backup or restore my Termux data?
A: To backup or restore your Termux data, you can use the tar command to create or extract compressed archive files of your data. For example, if you want to backup your home directory in Termux, you can type tar czvf termux-backup.tar.gz /data/data/com.termux/files/home, which will create a file named termux-backup.tar .gz in your current directory, containing a compressed copy of your home directory. If you want to restore your home directory from the backup file, you can type tar xzvf termux-backup.tar.gz -C /data/data/com.termux/files/home, which will extract the contents of the backup file to your home directory, overwriting any existing files. 44f88ac181
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